INDOOR SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER FROM TRADITIONAL COOKSTOVES IN RURAL AREAS OF MALAWI. A CASE OF NSABWE AND BAULENI VILLAGES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v12i1S.18Keywords:
Air pollution; airbourne particulate matter; Three stone stove; Biomass fuel.Abstract
This study was carried out to assess the short-term exposure to respirable particulate matter (PM2.5) from biomass combustion. A total of 24 households were sampled from two rural villages in Lilongwe, viz Nsabwe and Bauleni villages. Levels of particulate matter were measured using a portable gas detector. Indoor mean concentrations of PM2.5 ranged from 457 to 698 µg/m3, with no significant difference between the two villages, suggesting exposure to similar levels of airborne particulate matter. The observed levels are far above the recommended WHO limit for indoor air, posing a great health risk, more especially to the women and children who frequently visit the cooking areas. There is therefore need to widen appropriate intervention measures to reduce the current levels of indoor air pollution in the rural areas.
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References
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[17] Embiale, A., Zewge, F., Chandravanshi, B. S., & Sahle-Demessie, E. Short-term exposure assessment to particulate matter and total volatile organic compounds in indoor air during cooking Ethiopian sauces (Wot) using electricity, kerosene and charcoal fuels. Indoor and Built Environment., 2019, 28(8), 1140-1154
[2] Faris, K. Survey of Indoor Air Pollution Problems in the Rural Communities of Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Health Development., 2002, 12(1), 1–8.
[3] Begum, B. A., Paul, S. K., Dildar Hossain, M., Biswas, S. K., & Hopke, P. K. Indoor air pollution from particulate matter emissions in different households in rural areas of Bangladesh. Building and Environment., 2009, 44(5), 898–903.
[4] Faizan, M. A., & Thakur, R. Association Between Solid Cooking Fuels and Respiratory Disease Across Socio-Demographic Groups in India. Journal of Health and Pollution., 2019, 9(23), 900-911.
[5] Piddock, K, C., Gordon, S., Ngwira, A., Msukwa, M., Nadeau, M., & Davis, G. A cross-sectional study of household biomass fuel use among a periurban population in Malawi. Annals of the American Thoracic Society., 2014, 11(6), 915–924.
[6] Fullerton, D. G., Semple, S., Kalambo, F., Suseno, A., Malamba, R., Henderson, G., Gordon, S. B. Biomass fuel use and indoor air pollution in homes in Malawi. Occupational and Environmental Medicine., 2009, 66(11), 777–783.
[7] Smith, K. R., & Mehta, S. The burden of disease from indoor air pollution in developing countries: comparison of estimates. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health., 2003 206(4), 279–289.
[8] Kamanga, P., Vedeld, P., & Sjaastad, E. Forest incomes and rural livelihoods in Chiradzulu District, Malawi. Ecological Economics., 2009, 68(3), 613–624.
[9] Milanzi, S., & Daw, D. The impact of electricity supply in Malawi on economic development. The 3rd Annual International Conference on Public Administration and Development Altenatives., 2018, 386–392.
[10] Taulo, J. L., & Gondwe, K. J. Energy supply in Malawi: Options and issues. Journal of Energy in Southern Africa., 2015, 26(2), 19–32.
[11] Mapoma, H. W. T., & Xie, X. State of Air Quality in Malawi. Journal of Environmental Protection., 2013, 04(11), 1258–1264.
[12] Ochieng, C. A., Tonne, C., & Vardoulakis, S. A comparison of fuel use between a low cost, improved wood stove and traditional three-stone stove in rural Kenya. Biomass and Bioenergy., 2013, 58(11), 258–266.
[13] Noonan, C. W., Ward, T. J., Navidi, W., & Sheppard, L. A rural community intervention targeting biomass combustion sources: effects on air quality and reporting of childrens respiratory outcomes. Occupational and Environmental Medicine., 2012, 69(5), 354–360.
[14] Yip, F., Christensen, B., Sircar, K., Naeher, L., Bruce, N., Pennise, D., Kapil, V. Assessment of traditional and improved stove use on household air pollution and personal exposures in rural western Kenya. Environment International., 2017, 99(1), 185–191.
[15] Tefera, W., Asfaw, A., Gilliland, F., Worku, A., Wondimagegn, M., & Kumie, A. Indoor and Outdoor Air Pollution- related Health Problem in Ethiopia: Review of Related Literature. Ethiopian Journal of Health Development., 2016, 30(1), 13–25.
[16] Weaver, A. M., Gurley, E. S., Crabtree-Ide, C., Salje, H., Yoo, E. H., Mu, L., Ram, P. K. Air pollution dispersion from biomass stoves to neighboring homes in Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. BMC Public Health., 2019, 19(1), 1–12.
[17] Embiale, A., Zewge, F., Chandravanshi, B. S., & Sahle-Demessie, E. Short-term exposure assessment to particulate matter and total volatile organic compounds in indoor air during cooking Ethiopian sauces (Wot) using electricity, kerosene and charcoal fuels. Indoor and Built Environment., 2019, 28(8), 1140-1154
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Published
2019-12-31
How to Cite
MUSSA, C.; MOYO, B.; KADEWA, W.; MAPOMA, H. INDOOR SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER FROM TRADITIONAL COOKSTOVES IN RURAL AREAS OF MALAWI. A CASE OF NSABWE AND BAULENI VILLAGES. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 1S, p. 255–263, 2019. DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v12i1S.18. Disponível em: https://www.jfas.info/index.php/JFAS/article/view/688. Acesso em: 24 mar. 2023.
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